{"text_format":"1","workbook":"xlsx","n_sheets":5,"sheets":["Ask & Acquire","Appraise","Appraise (print version)","Apply","Instructions"],"not_rendered":{"charts":0,"images":1,"macros":1,"external_links":0,"defined_names":11,"comments":1,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900"}

{"sheet":"Ask & Acquire","index":0,"n_rows":28,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":28,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[24,0,24,7],[25,0,25,7],[26,0,26,7],[18,1,18,7],[19,0,19,7],[20,0,20,7],[21,0,21,7],[22,0,22,7],[23,0,23,7],[17,1,17,2],[10,0,10,1],[10,2,10,7],[11,0,11,1],[11,2,11,7],[12,0,12,7],[13,1,13,2],[14,1,14,2],[15,1,15,2],[16,1,16,2],[8,0,8,1],[8,2,8,7],[9,0,9,1],[9,2,9,7],[6,0,6,1],[6,2,6,7],[7,0,7,1],[7,2,7,7],[5,0,5,7],[0,0,0,7],[1,0,1,7],[2,1,2,4],[2,6,2,7],[4,0,4,7]]}
["GATE  Ask & Acquire - for all study types"]
["Notes for use:  Enter text in yellow areas, replacing current text.  Help notes appear in movable boxes"]
["Assessed by:",null,null,null,null,"Date:"]
["Problem"]
["Describe the problem that led you to seek an answer from the literature (Replace the text in yellow areas on this sheet with your responses; you can increase the size of the yellow areas on this page by clicking on the line under the numbers on the left of the sheet and dragging down)  "]
["Step 1: Ask a focused 5-part question using PECOT framework \nnote : question doesn’t need to be grammatically correct sentence; main aim is to identify key terms for search (Step 2)\n"]
["State if question is your question or the study authors' question "]
["Population / patient / client",null,"Specify relevant patient/client/population group (be specific about: medical condition, age group, sex, etc.)"]
["Exposure (intervention/ target disorder/risk or prognostic factor) ",null,"Specify:  intervention(s) you want to find out about for RCTs & other intervention studies; OR Target disease/condition to be diagnosed for diagnostic test accuracy studies; OR risk/intervention factor for case-control studies: OR  risk/prognostic factor for cohort studies. Be reasonably specific\n"]
["Comparison\n(Control) \n",null,"Specify alternative intervention (e.g. nothing or usual care); OR typical health status of those without target disease/condition (e.g. disease free or other comorbidities) for diagnostic test accuracy studies; OR comparison factor you want to compare it with for case-control studies and cohort studies?"]
["Outcomes",null,"Specify: the relevant health/disease-related outcomes you would like to prevent/reduce for RCTs; the relevant test for diagnostic test accuracy studies; the relevant health/disease related outcome/s for case-control studies and cohort studies"]
["Time",null,"If appropriate, specify a relevant time period over which outcomes likely to occu. Time is not usually considered explicitly in a diagnostic test accuracy question.   "]
["Step 2: Acquire (search for) the best evidence using the PECOT framework "]
["PECOT item","Primary Search term",null,null,"Synonym 1",null,"Synonym 2"]
["Population / Participants / patients / clients","Enter key search terms Use MESH terms (from PubMed) if available, then text words.",null,"OR","Include relevant synonym \n\n","OR","Include relevant synonym \n\n","AND"]
["Exposure (Interventions)","As above",null,"OR","As above\n\n","OR","As above\n\n","AND"]
["Comparison (Control)","As above",null,"OR","As above\n\n","OR","As above\n\n","AND"]
["Outcomes","As above",null,"OR","As above\n\n","OR","As above\n\n","AND"]
["Time","Entry generally not required for search"]
["Limits & Filters: "]
["PubMed has Limits (e.g. age, English language, years) & PubMed Clinical Queries has Filters (e.g. study type) to help focus your search. List if used."]
["Databases searched and number of publications by database and whether a review or individual paper: "]
["List databases searched and number of reviews/individual papers per database: e.g. Cochrane, standard PubMed, Clinical Queries in PubMed, Google scholar etc"]
["Evidence Selected"]
["Enter full citation of publication you have selected/or been given to evaluate"]
["Justification for selection"]
["State main objectives of the study.\n\nExplain why you chose this publication for evaluation."]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Please contribute your comments and suggestions on this form to: ","rt.jackson@auckland.ac.nz"]

{"sheet":"Appraise","index":1,"n_rows":60,"n_cols":11,"rows_kept":60,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[46,0,46,2],[4,8,4,10],[37,0,41,0],[37,8,38,10],[5,7,5,10],[16,7,17,10],[32,3,34,3],[22,7,25,10],[26,7,27,10],[28,7,29,10],[28,4,28,5],[25,1,27,2],[28,1,28,2],[5,1,5,2],[8,1,10,2],[29,1,30,2],[31,7,32,10],[18,3,18,4],[19,3,19,4],[29,3,31,3],[8,0,17,0],[10,7,11,10],[12,7,13,10],[8,7,9,10],[18,7,18,10],[18,0,27,0],[11,1,13,2],[14,1,15,2],[13,4,13,5],[4,5,4,6],[5,3,5,6],[42,0,42,10],[16,1,17,2],[4,3,4,4],[10,3,10,6],[18,1,19,2],[20,1,22,2],[6,7,7,10],[6,1,7,2],[14,7,15,10],[19,7,21,10],[28,0,35,0],[31,1,35,2],[8,4,9,5],[33,7,35,10],[46,4,46,6],[59,9,59,10],[43,0,44,10],[23,1,24,2],[18,5,19,6],[55,0,56,10],[57,0,58,10],[49,0,50,10],[51,0,52,10],[53,0,54,10],[45,0,45,1],[48,0,48,1],[30,7,30,10],[38,1,38,2],[40,1,40,2],[59,0,59,2]]}
["    ",null,null,null,"GATE Appraise - Case-control Study"]
["Notes for use:  Enter study numbers in yellow areas.  Help notes appear in movable boxes.  "]
["Enter study descriptions in orange areas.  The form calculates results and displays them in the green areas"]
["  Use the overflow tab to provide more detail if allocated space is insufficient"]
[null,"Assessed by:",null,"Assessed when:",null,null,null,"Publication details:"]
[null,"STUDY DESIGN (PECOT)",null,"  STUDY NUMBERS - \nhang on GATE frame   ",null,null,null,"STUDY ERRORS (RAMBOMAN)"]
[null,"Describe Setting:",null,null,null,null,null,"Recruitment appropriate to study goals / able to define who findings applicable to?"]
[]
["Population","Describe Cases (Eligibility criteria & recruitment / sampling process):",null,null,"Study setting",null,null,"Setting and eligible population(s) appropriate to goals & sufficiently well described?"]
[]
[null,null,null,"Eligible population",null,null,null,"Cases likely to be similar to all cases in eligible population? Explicit eligibility criteria used?"]
[null,"Describe Controls (Eligibility criteria & recruitment / sampling process):"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Controls likely to be similar to all eligibles? Explicit eligibility criteria used?"]
[null,null,null,null,"Virtual sample"]
[null,"% of invited eligible cases who participated: ",null,null,null,null,null,"Were cases and control recruited from same eligible population? "]
[]
[null,"% of invited eligible controls who participated: ",null,null,null,null,null,"Risk/prognostic profiles of cases & controls sufficiently described  to define who findings applicable to? "]
[]
["Exposure & Comparison","EG = Exposure (Risk factor / Intervention) status",null,"Exposure",null,"  Comparison Status",null,"Allocation to EG & CG done well?"]
[null,null,null,"Status",null,null,null,"E & C sufficiently well defined & measured so that risk factor status was accurately classified and applied similarly to cases and controls? "]
[null,"Describe Exposure: how defined &  measured: "]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"If E or C status assessed in cases following their outcome event: i) were they likely to have been affected by the study outcomes? ii) were cases & controls likely to have different recall about exposures? "]
[null,"CG = Comparison(Risk factor / Intervention) status",null,null,"EG","CG"]
[]
[null,"Describe Comparison: how defined & measured: "]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Maintenance in allocated groups during study sufficient? Errors low enough for results to be valid?"]
[]
["Outcomes & Time","O = Outcome (case definintion)",null,null,"Outcome",null,null,"Were proportions of eligible cases and controls who did not participate low enough?"]
[null,"T = time between  participant  exposure to risk factor/intervention and outcome",null,"+","a","b"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Blind & Objective Outcome (case acertainment) measures? "]
[null,"Describe outcome that made person a case: how defined & how / by whom / when identified:",null,null,null,null,null,"How objective were outcome measures? If significant judgement  required, were independent adjudicators used?"]
[null,null,null,"-"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Was the time period of exposure to E or C prior to identifying cases & controls sufficent to demonstrate an association between the factor/s and the outcome/s"]
[null,null,null,null,"c","d"]
[]
["Calculated Results (unadjusted) with",null,null,95,"% confidence intervals",null,null,"Z-score:",{"$f":"NORMSINV(1-(100-ci)/100/2)","v":1.9599639845400536}]
["Calculated by GATE",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Odds ratio of event"]
[null,"proportion of cases exposed",null,null,{"$f":"IF(aa+bb=0,\"\",aa/(aa+bb) *100)","v":""},"%"]
[]
[null,"proportion of controls  exposed",null,null,{"$f":"IF(cc+dd=0,\"\",cc/(cc+dd)*100)","v":""},"%",null,null,null,{"$f":"IF(bb*cc>0,(aa*dd)/(bb*cc),\"\")","v":""}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"IF(or=\"\",\"\",IF(or=0, 0,EXP(LN(or) -(zscore*SQRT(1/aa+1/bb+1/cc +1/dd)))))","v":""},"to",{"$f":"IF(or=\"\",\"\",IF(or=0, 0,EXP(LN(or) +(zscore*SQRT(1/aa+1/bb+1/cc +1/dd)))))","v":""}]
["Reported Results"]
["Enter the reported results for the primary outcome/s here"]
[]
["Analysis"]
["Adjusted for EG & CG differences at baseline? ",null,null,null,"95% CIs or p values given?"]
[]
["Summary"]
["1. Study design (AMBOM):  non-random error/bias sufficiently low for study to be valid? - consider amount & direction of bias:"]
[]
["2. Study analyses (AN): analytical error sufficiently low for results to be valid? - were adjusted analyses done if EG & CG diiferent at baseline?"]
[]
["3. Study numbers: random error sufficiently low (95% CI narrow) for results to be meaningful? if no statistically significant effects, was study power/sample size sufficiently high?"]
[]
["4. Study effect size: ORs sufficiently large to be real and meaningful?"]
[]
["5. Applicability (R):  if 1-4 ok, are findings likely to be applicable in practice?"]
[]
["GATE-appraise case-control studies_V4_140115.xlsx",null,null,null,null,null,null,"Please contribute your comments and suggestions on this form to: ",null,"rt.jackson@auckland.ac.nz"]

{"sheet":"Appraise (print version)","index":2,"n_rows":78,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":78,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[2,0,2,2],[27,0,27,2],[57,0,57,2],[65,0,65,2]]}
[null,"GATE Appraise print version - this sheet replicates the text from GATE Appraise"]
[null,"If macros on, text boxes atomatically expand with additional text. Otherwise can be done manually. But only enter text on main appraise sheet "]
["STUDY QUESTION & DESIGN - describe with PECOT"]
["P - Population"]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B7","v":"Describe Setting:"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B9","v":"Describe Cases (Eligibility criteria & recruitment / sampling process):"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B12","v":"Describe Controls (Eligibility criteria & recruitment / sampling process):"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B15","v":"% of invited eligible cases who participated: "}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B17","v":"% of invited eligible controls who participated: "}]
[]
["EG = Exposure (Risk factor / Intervention) status"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B21","v":"Describe Exposure: how defined &  measured: "}]
[]
["CG = Comparison(Risk factor / Intervention) status"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B26","v":"Describe Comparison: how defined & measured: "}]
[]
["O = Outcome (case definintion)"]
["T = time between  participant  exposure to risk factor/intervention and outcome"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B32","v":"Describe outcome that made person a case: how defined & how / by whom / when identified:"}]
[]
["STUDY ERRORS - assess using RAMBOMAN"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H7","v":"Recruitment appropriate to study goals / able to define who findings applicable to?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H9","v":"Setting and eligible population(s) appropriate to goals & sufficiently well described?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H11","v":"Cases likely to be similar to all cases in eligible population? Explicit eligibility criteria used?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H13","v":"Controls likely to be similar to all eligibles? Explicit eligibility criteria used?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H15","v":"Were cases and control recruited from same eligible population? "}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H17","v":"Risk/prognostic profiles of cases & controls sufficiently described  to define who findings applicable to? "}]
[]
["Allocation to EG & CG done well?"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H20","v":"E & C sufficiently well defined & measured so that risk factor status was accurately classified and applied similarly to cases and controls? "}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H23","v":"If E or C status assessed in cases following their outcome event: i) were they likely to have been affected by the study outcomes? ii) were cases & controls likely to have different recall about exposures? "}]
[]
["Maintenance in allocated groups during study sufficient? Errors low enough for results to be valid?"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H29","v":"Were proportions of eligible cases and controls who did not participate low enough?"}]
[]
["Blind & Objective Outcome (case acertainment) measures? "]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H32","v":"How objective were outcome measures? If significant judgement  required, were independent adjudicators used?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!H34","v":"Was the time period of exposure to E or C prior to identifying cases & controls sufficent to demonstrate an association between the factor/s and the outcome/s"}]
[]
["Analysis"]
["Reported result"]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A44","v":"Enter the reported results for the primary outcome/s here"}]
["Adjusted if EG & CG different? "]
[null,{"$f":"IF(Appraise!D47<>\"\",Appraise!D47,\"\")","v":""}]
["95% Cis or p-values given? "]
[null,{"$f":"IF(Appraise!H47<>\"\",Appraise!H47,\"\")","v":""}]
[]
["Summary"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A50","v":"1. Study design (AMBOM):  non-random error/bias sufficiently low for study to be valid? - consider amount & direction of bias:"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A52","v":"2. Study analyses (AN): analytical error sufficiently low for results to be valid? - were adjusted analyses done if EG & CG diiferent at baseline?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A54","v":"3. Study numbers: random error sufficiently low (95% CI narrow) for results to be meaningful? if no statistically significant effects, was study power/sample size sufficiently high?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A56","v":"4. Study effect size: ORs sufficiently large to be real and meaningful?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A58","v":"5. Applicability (R):  if 1-4 ok, are findings likely to be applicable in practice?"}]
[]
["Please contribute your comments and suggestions on this form to: ",null,"rt.jackson@auckland.ac.nz"]

{"sheet":"Apply","index":3,"n_rows":16,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":16,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[14,0,14,3],[9,0,9,1],[9,2,9,3],[10,0,10,3],[11,0,11,3],[12,0,12,3],[13,0,13,3],[6,0,6,1],[6,2,6,3],[7,0,7,1],[7,2,7,3],[8,0,8,1],[8,2,8,3],[0,0,0,3],[1,0,1,3],[3,0,3,3],[4,0,4,3],[5,0,5,1],[5,2,5,3]]}
["GATE Apply - for all study types"]
["Notes for use:  Enter text in yellow areas"]
["Assessed by:",null,"Date:"]
["Step 4: Apply. Consider/weigh up all factors & make (shared) decision(s) to act"]
["The X-Factor"]
[]
["Epidemiological evidence: are the results of this study consistent with other epidemiological evidence relevant to the decision(s) (e.g. ideally from systematic reviews)?  ",null,"What Case circumstances (e.g. disease process/ co-morbidities /social situation) specifically related to the problem may impact on the decision(s)? "]
[" (Replace this text; you can increase the size of the yellow areas on this sheet by clicking on the line under the numbers on the left of the sheet and dragging down)"]
["System features: are there any system constraints or enablers that may impact on the decision(s)?  ",null,"What Values & Preferences may need to be considered in making the decision(s)?  "]
[]
["Decision(s): taking into account all the factors above what is the best decision(s) for this problem?     "]
[]
["Step 5: What are the implications of this decision(s) for practice?\n"]
["What are the wider considerations of this decision(s) for usual practice? Should it change usual practice in any way? "]
[]
[null,null,"Please contribute your comments and suggestions on this form to: ","rt.jackson@auckland.ac.nz"]

{"sheet":"Instructions","index":4,"n_rows":12,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":12,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,0,5,2],[7,0,9,2],[11,0,13,2]]}
["To make extra copies of sheet, \n  unprotect workbook (Menu: Tools: Protection: Unprotect), then \n  copy sheet (Menu: Edit: Move or Copy sheet: Create a copy)"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
[]
["To go to a new line within a text box, use the combination keys Alt-Enter."]
[]
[]
[]
["Pop-up boxes can be moved by clicking and dragging them"]