{"text_format":"1","workbook":"xlsx","n_sheets":7,"sheets":["Ask & Acquire","Appraise","Appraise (print version)","Study numbers (print version)","Results (print version)","Apply","Instructions"],"not_rendered":{"charts":1,"images":5,"macros":1,"external_links":1,"defined_names":46,"comments":2,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900"}

{"sheet":"Ask & Acquire","index":0,"n_rows":28,"n_cols":8,"rows_kept":28,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[24,0,24,7],[25,0,25,7],[26,0,26,7],[18,1,18,7],[19,0,19,7],[20,0,20,7],[21,0,21,7],[22,0,22,7],[23,0,23,7],[17,1,17,2],[9,0,9,1],[9,2,9,7],[10,0,10,1],[10,2,10,7],[11,0,11,1],[11,2,11,7],[12,0,12,7],[13,1,13,2],[14,1,14,2],[15,1,15,2],[16,1,16,2],[6,0,6,1],[6,2,6,7],[7,0,7,1],[7,2,7,7],[8,0,8,1],[8,2,8,7],[5,0,5,7],[0,0,0,7],[1,0,1,7],[2,1,2,4],[2,6,2,7],[4,0,4,7]]}
["GATE  Ask & Acquire - for all study types"]
["Notes for use:  Enter text in yellow areas, replacing current text.  Help notes appear in movable boxes"]
["Assessed by:",null,null,null,null,"Date:"]
["Problem"]
["Describe the problem that led you to seek an answer from the literature (Replace the text in yellow areas on this sheet with your responses; you can increase the size of the yellow areas on this page by clicking on the line under the numbers on the left of the sheet and dragging down)  "]
["Step 1: Ask a focused 5-part question using PECOT framework \nnote : question doesn’t need to be grammatically correct sentence; main aim is to identify key terms for search (Step 2)\n"]
["State if question is your question or the study authors' question "]
["Population / patient / client",null,"Specify relevant patient/client/population group (be specific about: medical condition, age group, sex, etc.)"]
["Exposure (intervention/ target disorder/risk or prognostic factor) ",null,"Specify:  intervention(s) you want to find out about for RCTs & other intervention studies; OR Target disease/condition to be diagnosed for diagnostic test accuracy studies; OR risk/intervention factor for case-control studies: OR  risk/prognostic factor for cohort studies. Be reasonably specific\n"]
["Comparison\n(Control) \n",null,"Specify alternative intervention (e.g. nothing or usual care); OR typical health status of those without target disease/condition (e.g. disease free or other comorbidities) for diagnostic test accuracy studies; OR comparison factor you want to compare it with for case-control studies and cohort studies?"]
["Outcomes",null,"Specify: the relevant health/disease-related outcomes you would like to prevent/reduce for RCTs; the relevant test for diagnostic test accuracy studies; the relevant health/disease related outcome/s for case-control studies and cohort studies"]
["Time",null,"If appropriate, specify a relevant time period over which outcomes likely to occu. Time is not usually considered explicitly in a diagnostic test accuracy question.   "]
["Step 2: Acquire (search for) the best evidence using the PECOT framework "]
["PECOT item","Primary Search term",null,null,"Synonym 1",null,"Synonym 2"]
["Population / Participants / patients / clients","Enter key search terms Use MESH terms (from PubMed) if available, then text words.",null,"OR","Include relevant synonym \n\n","OR","Include relevant synonym \n\n","AND"]
["Exposure (Interventions)","As above",null,"OR","As above\n\n","OR","As above\n\n","AND"]
["Comparison (Control)","As above",null,"OR","As above\n\n","OR","As above\n\n","AND"]
["Outcomes","As above",null,"OR","As above\n\n","OR","As above\n\n","AND"]
["Time","Entry generally not required for search"]
["Limits & Filters: "]
["PubMed has Limits (e.g. age, English language, years) & PubMed Clinical Queries has Filters (e.g. study type) to help focus your search. List if used."]
["Databases searched and number of publications by database and whether a review or individual paper: "]
["List databases searched and number of reviews/individual papers per database: e.g. Cochrane, standard PubMed, Clinical Queries in PubMed, Google scholar etc"]
["Evidence Selected"]
["Enter full title of publication you have selected/or been given to evaluate"]
["Justification for selection"]
["State main objectives of the study.\n\nExplain why you chose this publication for evaluation."]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Please contribute your comments and suggestions on this form to: ","rt.jackson@auckland.ac.nz"]

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["    ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"GATE Appraise - Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies"]
["    ","Notes for use:  Enter study numbers in yellow areas.  Help notes appear in movable boxes.  "]
["    ","Enter study descriptions in orange areas. Don't overwrite headings in orange areas as headings & all text is replicated on overflow sheet  ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"By default the nomogram uses the values from the GATE calculator.  "]
[null,"The form calculates results and displays them in the green areas",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Note that, to provide numeric values for the nomogram chart, a Pos LR of 1000000 or a Neg LR of 0.000001 will be used when the true values are undefined"]
[null,"Assessed by:",null,null,null,"Assessed when:",null,null,null,null,"Publication details:",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"To return to using the GATE values, blank out the yellow cells"]
[null,"STUDY DESIGN (PECOT)",null,null,null,null,null,"  STUDY NUMBERS - \nhang on GATE frame   ",null,null,null,"STUDY ERRORS (RAMBOMAN)"]
["Population","Study type:",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Recruitment appropriate to study goals / able to define who findings applicable to?"]
[null,"Describe Setting:  (double click here in the brackets, to right of bolded heading to add text -write over these instructions, but not the bolded headings)  ",null,null,null,null,null,"Study Setting",null,null,null,"Setting & eligible population appropriate to goals & sufficiently well described?",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"GATE values:",null,null,null,"Pre-test probability: ",{"$f":"meg","v":""},null,"Pos LR: ",{"$f":"IF(plrat=\"∞\",1000000,plrat)","v":""},null,"Neg LR: ",{"$f":"IF(nlrat=\"∞\",0.000002,nlrat)","v":""}]
[]
[null,"Describe Eligibility criteria:",null,null,null,null,null,"Eligible population",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Alternate values:",null,null,null,"Pre-test probability: ",null,null,"Pos LR: ",null,null,"Neg LR: "]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Participants likely to be reasonably similar to all Eligibles?"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Participant",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Post-test probabilities:",null,null,null,"When test positive: ",{"$f":"IF(ISNUMBER(AE15),AE15/(1+AE15),\"\")","v":""},null,null,null,null,"When test negative: ",{"$f":"IF(ISNUMBER(AH15),AH15/(1+AH15),\"\")","v":""}]
[null,"Describe Recruitment (sampling) process:",null,null,null,null,null,null,"sample"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"IF(ISNUMBER(altpp),altpp,gpp)","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(ISNUMBER(altplr),altplr,gplr)","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(ISNUMBER(altnlr),altnlr,gnlr)","v":""}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Participants typical of patient spectrum usually tested?",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"pp/(1-pp)*plr","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}},null,null,{"$f":"pp/(1-pp)*nlr","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}}]
[null,"% of invited eligibles who participated:",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,99,{"$f":"-LOG((Y16/100)/(1-Y16/100))","v":-1.9956351945975495},2,1E-3,{"$f":"0.5+LOG(AB16)/2","v":-1},3,0.1,{"$f":"LOG((AE16/100)/(1-AE16/100))+1","v":-1.9995654882259823},1,null,{"$f":"-LOG(pp/(1-pp))","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,95,{"$f":"-LOG((Y17/100)/(1-Y17/100))","v":-1.2787536009528286},2,2E-3,{"$f":"0.5+LOG(AB17)/2","v":-0.84948500216800937},3,0.2,{"$f":"LOG((AE17/100)/(1-AE17/100))+1","v":-1.6981005456233897},2,null,{"$f":"0.5+LOG(plr)/2","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}}]
["Exposure & Comparison","EG = Exposure Group [Reference or Gold Standard positive: (RS+ve)]",null,null,null,null,null,null,"(EG)","(CG)",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,90,-0.95424250943932498,2,5.0000000000000001E-3,-0.65051499783199063,3,0.5,-1.2988530764097068,3,null,{"$f":"LOG(AE15)+1","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}}]
[null,"Describe RS+ve: how defined & how / by whom / when measured: ",null,null,null,null,null,"Target disorder:",null,null,null,"Allocation to EG & CG done well?",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,80,-0.60205999132796251,2,0.01,-0.5,3,1,-0.9956351945975499,1,null,{"$f":"-LOG(pp/(1-pp))","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,70,-0.36797678529459432,2,0.02,-0.34948500216800937,3,2,-0.69019608002851363,2,null,{"$f":"0.5+LOG(nlr)/2","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Was the Reference Standard a valid standard & measured objectively & blind to Test result?",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,60,-0.17609125905568118,2,0.05,-0.15051499783199063,3,5,-0.27875360095282886,3,null,{"$f":"LOG(AH15)+1","v":{"$error":"#VALUE!"}}]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,50,0,2,0.1,0,3,10,4.5757490560675129E-2]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,40,0.17609125905568118,2,0.2,0.15051499783199063,3,20,0.3979400086720376]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,30,0.36797678529459438,2,0.5,0.34948500216800937,3,30,0.63202321470540568]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Both RS and DT done",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,20,0.6020599913279624,2,1,0.5,3,40,0.82390874094431887]
[null,"CG = Comparison Group [Reference or Gold Standard negative: RS-ve]",null,null,null,null,null,null,"RS+ve","RS-ve",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,10,0.95424250943932487,2,2,0.65051499783199063,3,50,1]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,5,1.2787536009528289,2,5,0.84948500216800937,3,60,1.1760912590556811]
[null,"Describe RS-ve: how defined & how / by whom / when measured:",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,2,1.6901960800285136,2,10,1,3,70,1.3679767852945943]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Either RS or DT not done",null,null,null,"Maintenance in allocated groups during study sufficient? Errors low enough  for results to be valid?",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,1,1.9956351945975499,2,20,1.1505149978319906,3,80,1.6020599913279625]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,0.5,2.2988530764097068,2,50,1.3494850021680094,3,90,1.954242509439325]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,0.2,2.6981005456233897,2,100,1.5,3,95,2.2787536009528289]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Percentage not receiving either RS or DT",null,null,null,"Proportion of Participants who had both RS & Test done?",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,0.1,2.9995654882259823,2,200,1.6505149978319906,3,99,2.9956351945975497]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"IF(pop>0,(1-(egf+cgf)/pop),0)","v":0},null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2,500,1.8494850021680094]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2,1000,2]
["Outcomes & Time","O=Outcome (Test result)",null,null,null,null,null,"Categorical outcomes",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2,"bottom",-2]
[null,"T - Time when test done in relation to  Ref Standard measurement",null,null,null,null,null,"a","TP","FP","b",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,2,"top",3]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"+  ",null,null,null,"Time period between RS & Test measurements sufficiently short & treatment that could affect Test result minimal?"]
[null,"Describe Test & Time: how defined & how / by whom / when done:"]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"-  "]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"c","FN","TN","d"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Blind and Objective measurements of Test?"]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Was Test measured accurately enough?"]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,"Results with",95,"% confidence intervals",null,null,null,null,null,null,"Z-score:",{"$f":"NORMSINV(1-((100-ci)/100)/2)","v":1.9599639845400536}]
["Calculated in GATE frame","Test:",null,null,null,"Reference standard (RS)",null,null,null,null,null,null,"Likelihood ratios",null,null,"Post-test probabilities (%)"]
[null,null,null,null,null,"positive (EGO)",null,null,null,"negative (CGO)",null,null," (EGO/CGO)",null,null,{"$f":"\"of \" & I20","v":"of "},null,null,{"$f":"\"of no \" & I20","v":"of no "}]
[null,null,null,null,null,"Sensitivity",null,null,null,"1-Specificity",null,null,"Positive LR",null,null,"Positive PV",null,null,"Test +ve, RS -ve"]
[null,null,"Positive",null,null,null,null,{"$f":"IF(aa+cc=0,\"\",aa/(aa+cc))","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(bb+dd=0,\"\",bb/(bb+dd))","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(aa+bb=0,\"\",IF(aa>0,IF(bb>0,(aa/(aa+cc))/(bb/(bb+dd)),\"∞\"),\"∞\"))","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(aa+bb=0,\"\",aa/(aa+bb))","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(aa+bb=0,\"\",bb/(aa+bb))","v":""}]
[null,null,null,{"$f":"ci & \"% CIs\"","v":"95% CIs"},null,{"$f":"IF(aa+cc=0,\"\",(2*aa+zscore^2-zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*aa*(1-aa/(aa+cc))))/(2*(aa+cc+zscore^2)))","v":""},null,{"$f":"IF(F54<>I54,\"to\",\"\")","v":""},{"$f":"IF(aa+cc=0,\"\",(2*aa+zscore^2+zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*aa*(1-aa/(aa+cc))))/(2*(aa+cc+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(bb+dd=0,\"\",(2*bb+zscore^2-zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*bb*(1-bb/(bb+dd))))/(2*(bb+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(J54<>L54,\"to\",\"\")","v":""},{"$f":"IF(bb+dd=0,\"\",(2*bb+zscore^2+zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*bb*(1-bb/(bb+dd))))/(2*(bb+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(plrat=\"∞\",\"\",IF(OR(aa=0,dd=0,aa+cc=0,bb+dd=0),\"\",EXP(LN(plrat) -zscore*SQRT(1/aa+1/bb-1/(aa+cc)-1/(bb+dd)))))","v":""},"to",{"$f":"IF(plrat=\"∞\",\"\",IF(OR(aa=0,dd=0,aa+cc=0,bb+dd=0),\"\",EXP(LN(plrat) +zscore*SQRT(1/aa+1/bb-1/(aa+cc)-1/(bb+dd)))))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(aa+bb=0,\"\",(2*aa+zscore^2-zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*aa*(1-aa/(aa+bb))))/(2*(aa+bb+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(P54<=Q53,IF(Q53<=R54,\"to\",\"to ∞ to\"),\"to ∞ to\")","v":"to"},{"$f":"IF(aa+bb=0,\"\",(2*aa+zscore^2+zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*aa*(1-aa/(aa+bb))))/(2*(aa+bb+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(aa+bb=0,\"\",(2*bb+zscore^2-zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*bb*(1-bb/(aa+bb))))/(2*(aa+bb+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(S54<=T53,IF(T53<=U54,\"to\",\"to ∞ to\"),\"to ∞ to\")","v":"to"},{"$f":"IF(aa+bb=0,\"\",(2*bb+zscore^2+zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*bb*(1-bb/(aa+bb))))/(2*(aa+bb+zscore^2)))","v":""}]
[null,null,null,null,null,"1-Sensitivity",null,null,null,"Specificity",null,null,"Negative LR",null,null,"Test -ve, RS +ve",null,null,"Negative PV"]
[null,null,"Negative",null,null,null,null,{"$f":"IF(aa+cc=0,\"\",cc/(aa+cc))","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(bb+dd=0,\"\",dd/(bb+dd))","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(cc+dd=0,\"\",IF(cc>0,IF(dd>0,(cc/(aa+cc))/(dd/(bb+dd)),\"∞\"),\"∞\"))","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(cc+dd=0,\"\",cc/(cc+dd))","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(cc+dd=0,\"\",dd/(cc+dd))","v":""}]
[null,null,null,{"$f":"ci & \"% CIs\"","v":"95% CIs"},null,{"$f":"IF(aa+cc=0,\"\",(2*cc+zscore^2-zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*cc*(1-cc/(aa+cc))))/(2*(aa+cc+zscore^2)))","v":""},null,{"$f":"IF(F57<>I57,\"to\",\"\")","v":""},{"$f":"IF(aa+cc=0,\"\",(2*cc+zscore^2+zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*cc*(1-cc/(aa+cc))))/(2*(aa+cc+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(bb+dd=0,\"\",(2*dd+zscore^2-zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*dd*(1-dd/(bb+dd))))/(2*(bb+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(J57<>L57,\"to\",\"\")","v":""},{"$f":"IF(bb+dd=0,\"\",(2*dd+zscore^2+zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*dd*(1-dd/(bb+dd))))/(2*(bb+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(nlrat=\"∞\",\"\",IF(OR(cc=0,bb=0,aa+cc=0,bb+dd=0),\"\",EXP(LN(nlrat) -zscore*SQRT(1/cc+1/dd-1/(aa+cc)-1/(bb+dd)))))","v":""},"to",{"$f":"IF(nlrat=\"∞\",\"\",IF(OR(cc=0,bb=0,aa+cc=0,bb+dd=0),\"\",EXP(LN(nlrat) + zscore*SQRT(1/cc+1/dd-1/(aa+cc)-1/(bb+dd)))))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(cc+dd=0,\"\",(2*cc+zscore^2-zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*cc*(1-cc/(cc+dd))))/(2*(cc+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(P57<=Q56,IF(Q56<=R57,\"to\",\"to ∞ to\"),\"to ∞ to\")","v":"to"},{"$f":"IF(cc+dd=0,\"\",(2*cc+zscore^2+zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*cc*(1-cc/(cc+dd))))/(2*(cc+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(cc+dd=0,\"\",(2*dd+zscore^2-zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*dd*(1-dd/(cc+dd))))/(2*(cc+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(S57<=T56,IF(T56<=U57,\"to\",\"to ∞ to\"),\"to ∞ to\")","v":"to"},{"$f":"IF(cc+dd=0,\"\",(2*dd+zscore^2+zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*dd*(1-dd/(cc+dd))))/(2*(cc+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""}]
[null,"Pre-test probabilities",null,null,null,"Prevalence",null,null,null,"1-Prevalence",null,null,null,null,null,"Test accuracy"]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"IF(aa+bb+cc+dd=0,\"\",(aa+cc)/(aa+bb+cc+dd))","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"IF(aa+bb+cc+dd=0,\"\",(bb+dd)/(aa+bb+cc+dd))","v":""},null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"IF(aa+bb+cc+dd=0,\"\",(aa+dd)/(aa+bb+cc+dd))","v":""}]
[null,null,null,{"$f":"ci & \"% CIs\"","v":"95% CIs"},null,{"$f":"IF(aa+bb+cc+dd=0,\"\",(2*(aa+cc)+zscore^2-zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*(aa+cc)*(1-(aa+cc)/(aa+bb+cc+dd))))/(2*(aa+bb+cc+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""},null,{"$f":"IF(F60<>I60,\"to\",\"\")","v":""},{"$f":"IF(aa+bb+cc+dd=0,\"\",(2*(aa+cc)+zscore^2+zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*(aa+cc)*(1-(aa+cc)/(aa+bb+cc+dd))))/(2*(aa+bb+cc+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(aa+bb+cc+dd=0,\"\",(2*(bb+dd)+zscore^2-zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*(bb+dd)*(1-(bb+dd)/(aa+bb+cc+dd))))/(2*(aa+bb+cc+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""},{"$f":"IF(J60<>L60,\"to\",\"\")","v":""},{"$f":"IF(aa+bb+cc+dd=0,\"\",(2*(bb+dd)+zscore^2+zscore*SQRT(zscore^2+4*(bb+dd)*(1-(bb+dd)/(aa+bb+cc+dd))))/(2*(aa+bb+cc+dd+zscore^2)))","v":""}]
["Reported Results (write in main results reported in paper and if different from results calculated above, comment on why) "]
[]
[]
["Analysis"]
[]
[null,null,"Did cross-tabulation of RS x Test include indeterminate/missing results?"]
[]
[null,null,"Adjusted if EG & CG different? (seldom done) ",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"95% CIs or p-values given? "]
[]
["Summary"]
[]
["1.  Study design (AMBOM): non-random error/bias sufficiently low for study to be valid? - consider amount & direction of bias:"]
[]
[]
["2. Study analyses (AN): analytical error sufficiently low for results to be valid?- were analyses of missing results / adjusted analyses done?"]
[]
[]
["3.  Study numbers reported in paper: random error sufficiently low (95% CI narrow) for results to be meaningful? if no statistically significant effects, was study power sufficiently high?"]
[]
[]
["4. Study effects estimates reported in paper:  sensitivity & specificity and LRs sufficient to be meaningful?"]
[]
[]
["5.  Generalisability (R):  if 1-4 ok, who are findings likely to be applicable in practice?"]
[]
[]
[]
[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"Please contribute your comments and suggestions on this form to: ","rt.jackson@auckland.ac.nz"]

{"sheet":"Appraise (print version)","index":2,"n_rows":71,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":71,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[58,0,58,2],[25,0,25,2],[48,0,48,2],[2,0,2,2]]}
[null,"GATE Appraise Diagnostic Test  Accuracy - print version"]
[null,"This sheet replicates the text from GATE Appraise.  If macros on, text boxes atomatically expand with additional text. Otherwise can be done manually. But only enter text on main appraise sheet "]
["STUDY QUESTION & DESIGN - describe with PECOT"]
["P - Participants"]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B8","v":"Describe Setting:  (double click here in the brackets, to right of bolded heading to add text -write over these instructions, but not the bolded headings)  "}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B10","v":"Describe Eligibility criteria:"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B13","v":"Describe Recruitment (sampling) process:"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B16","v":"% of invited eligibles who participated:"}]
[]
["EG: Exposed Grp [Reference / Gold Standard positive: RS+ve]"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B19","v":"Describe RS+ve: how defined & how / by whom / when measured: "}]
[]
["CG = Comparison Group [Reference / Gold Standard negative: RS-ve]"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B28","v":"Describe RS-ve: how defined & how / by whom / when measured:"}]
[]
["O=Outcome (Test result)"]
["T - Time when test done cf Ref Standard"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!B38","v":"Describe Test & Time: how defined & how / by whom / when done:"}]
[]
["STUDY ERRORS - assess using RAMBOMAN"]
["Recruitment appropriate to study goals / able to define who finidings applicable to?"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!L8","v":"Setting & eligible population appropriate to goals & sufficiently well described?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!L11","v":"Participants likely to be reasonably similar to all Eligibles?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!L15","v":"Participants typical of patient spectrum usually tested?"}]
[]
["Allocation to EG & CG done accurately?"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!L21","v":"Was the Reference Standard a valid standard & measured objectively & blind to Test result?"}]
[]
["Maintenance in allocated groups during study sufficient?"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!L32","v":"Proportion of Participants who had both RS & Test done?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!L37","v":"Time period between RS & Test measurements sufficiently short & treatment that could affect Test result minimal?"}]
[]
["Blind and Objective measurements of Test?"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!L45","v":"Was Test measured accurately enough?"}]
[]
["Analysis"]
["Reported results"]
[null,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK(Appraise!A62),\"\",Appraise!A62)","v":""}]
["Did cross-tabulation of RS x Test include indeterminate/missing results?"]
[null,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK(Appraise!L66),\"\",Appraise!L66)","v":""}]
["Adjusted if EG & CG different? (seldom done) "]
[null,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK(Appraise!I68),\"\",Appraise!I68)","v":""}]
["95% Cis or p-values given? "]
[null,{"$f":"IF(ISBLANK(Appraise!P68),\"\",Appraise!P68)","v":""}]
[]
["Summary"]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A72","v":"1.  Study design (AMBOM): non-random error/bias sufficiently low for study to be valid? - consider amount & direction of bias:"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A75","v":"2. Study analyses (AN): analytical error sufficiently low for results to be valid?- were analyses of missing results / adjusted analyses done?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A78","v":"3.  Study numbers reported in paper: random error sufficiently low (95% CI narrow) for results to be meaningful? if no statistically significant effects, was study power sufficiently high?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A81","v":"4. Study effects estimates reported in paper:  sensitivity & specificity and LRs sufficient to be meaningful?"}]
[]
[null,{"$f":"Appraise!A84","v":"5.  Generalisability (R):  if 1-4 ok, who are findings likely to be applicable in practice?"}]
[]
["Please contribute your comments and suggestions on this form to: ",null,"rt.jackson@auckland.ac.nz"]

{"sheet":"Study numbers (print version)","index":3,"n_rows":36,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":36,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[26,1,26,2],[28,0,28,3],[18,0,18,3],[22,0,22,3],[23,1,23,2],[25,0,25,3],[1,0,1,3],[3,0,3,3],[7,1,7,2],[12,0,12,3],[13,1,15,2]]}
[]
["Study Setting"]
[]
["Eligible population"]
[]
[null,"Participant"]
[null,"sample"]
[null,{"$f":"IF(Appraise!I14=\"\",\"\",Appraise!I14)","v":""}]
[]
[]
[]
[null,"(EG)","(CG)"]
["Target disorder:"]
[null,{"$f":"IF(Appraise!I20=\"\",\"\",Appraise!I20)","v":""}]
[]
[]
[]
[]
["Both RS and DT done"]
[null,"RS+ve","RS-ve"]
[null,{"$f":"IF(Appraise!egf=\"\",\"\",Appraise!egf)","v":""},{"$f":"IF(Appraise!cgf=\"\",\"\",Appraise!cgf)","v":""}]
[]
["Either RS or DT not done"]
[null,{"$f":"IF(Appraise!I30=\"\",\"\",Appraise!I30)","v":""}]
[]
["Percentage not receiving either RS or DT"]
[null,{"$f":"IF(Appraise!I33=\"\",\"\",Appraise!I33)","v":0}]
[]
["Categorical outcomes"]
["a","TP","FP","b"]
[]
["+  ",{"$f":"IF(Appraise!aa=\"\",\"\",Appraise!aa)","v":""},{"$f":"IF(Appraise!bb=\"\",\"\",Appraise!bb)","v":""}]
[]
[]
["-  ",{"$f":"IF(Appraise!cc=\"\",\"\",Appraise!cc)","v":""},{"$f":"IF(Appraise!dd=\"\",\"\",Appraise!dd)","v":""}]
["c","FN","TN","d"]

{"sheet":"Results (print version)","index":4,"n_rows":12,"n_cols":18,"rows_kept":12,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[9,3,9,5],[9,6,9,8],[9,12,9,14],[6,3,6,5],[6,6,6,8],[6,9,6,11],[6,12,6,14],[1,0,11,0],[1,1,2,2],[1,3,1,8],[1,9,1,11],[1,12,1,17],[2,3,2,5],[2,6,2,8],[2,9,2,11],[2,12,2,14],[2,15,2,17],[6,15,6,17],[3,3,3,5],[3,6,3,8],[3,9,3,11],[3,12,3,14],[3,15,3,17]]}
[null,null,null,"Results with",{"$f":"Appraise!H49","v":95},"% confidence intervals",null,null,null,null,null,null,"Z-score:",1.9599639845400536]
["Calculated in GATE frame",{"$f":"Appraise!B50","v":"Test:"},null,"Reference Standard",null,null,null,null,null,"Likelihood ratios",null,null,"Post-test probabilities (%)"]
[null,null,null,"positive (EGO)",null,null,"negative (CGO)",null,null," (EGO/CGO)",null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!P51","v":"of "},null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!S51","v":"of no "}]
[null,null,null,"Sensitivity",null,null,"1-Specificity",null,null,"Positive LR",null,null,"Positive PV",null,null,"Test +ve, RS -ve"]
[null,null,"Positive",null,{"$f":"Appraise!ittego","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!ittcgo","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!plrat","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!Q53","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!T53","v":""}]
[null,null,"95% CIs",{"$f":"Appraise!F54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!H54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!I54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!J54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!K54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!L54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!M54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!N54","v":"to"},{"$f":"Appraise!O54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!P54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!Q54","v":"to"},{"$f":"Appraise!R54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!S54","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!T54","v":"to"},{"$f":"Appraise!U54","v":""}]
[null,null,null,"1-Sensitivity",null,null,"Specificity",null,null,"Negative LR",null,null,"Test -ve, RS +ve",null,null,"Negative PV"]
[null,null,"Negative",null,{"$f":"Appraise!otego","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!otcgo","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!nlrat","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!Q56","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!T56","v":""}]
[null,null,"95% CIs",{"$f":"Appraise!F57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!H57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!I57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!J57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!K57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!L57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!M57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!N57","v":"to"},{"$f":"Appraise!O57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!P57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!Q57","v":"to"},{"$f":"Appraise!R57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!S57","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!T57","v":"to"},{"$f":"Appraise!U57","v":""}]
[null,"Pre-test probabilities",null,"Prevalence",null,null,"1-Prevalence",null,null,null,null,null,"Test accuracy"]
[null,null,null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!meg","v":""},null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!mcg","v":""},null,null,null,null,null,{"$f":"Appraise!md","v":""}]
[null,null,"95% CIs",{"$f":"Appraise!F60","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!H60","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!I60","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!J60","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!K60","v":""},{"$f":"Appraise!L60","v":""}]

{"sheet":"Apply","index":5,"n_rows":16,"n_cols":4,"rows_kept":16,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[14,0,14,3],[9,0,9,1],[9,2,9,3],[10,0,10,3],[11,0,11,3],[12,0,12,3],[13,0,13,3],[6,0,6,1],[6,2,6,3],[7,0,7,1],[7,2,7,3],[8,0,8,1],[8,2,8,3],[0,0,0,3],[1,0,1,3],[3,0,3,3],[4,0,4,3],[5,0,5,1],[5,2,5,3]]}
["GATE Apply - for all study types"]
["Notes for use:  Enter text in yellow areas"]
["Assessed by:",null,"Date:"]
["Step 4: Apply. Consider/weigh up all factors & make (shared) decision(s) to act"]
["The X-Factor"]
[]
["Epidemiological evidence: are the results of this study consistent with other epidemiological evidence relevant to the decision(s) (e.g. ideally from systematic reviews)?  ",null,"What Case circumstances (e.g. disease process/ co-morbidities /social situation) specifically related to the problem may impact on the decision(s)? "]
[" (Replace this text; you can increase the size of the yellow areas on this sheet by clicking on the line under the numbers on the left of the sheet and dragging down)"]
["System features: are there any system constraints or enablers that may impact on the decision(s)?  ",null,"What Values & Preferences may need to be considered in making the decision(s)?  "]
[]
["Decision(s): taking into account all the factors above what is the best decision(s) for this problem?     "]
[]
["Step 5: What are the implications of this decision(s) for practice?\n"]
["What are the wider considerations of this decision(s) for usual practice? Should it change usual practice in any way? "]
[]
[null,null,"Please contribute your comments and suggestions on this form to: ","rt.jackson@auckland.ac.nz"]

{"sheet":"Instructions","index":6,"n_rows":12,"n_cols":1,"rows_kept":12,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[7,0,9,2],[11,0,13,2],[0,0,0,2],[1,0,1,2],[2,0,2,2],[3,0,3,2],[4,0,4,2],[5,0,5,2]]}
["To make extra copies of sheet,"]
["  unprotect workbook (Menu: Tools: Protection: Unprotect), then"]
["  copy sheet (Menu: Edit: Move or Copy sheet: Create a copy)"]
[]
[]
[]
[]
["To go to a new line within a text box, use the combination keys Alt-Enter."]
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[]
["Pop-up boxes can be moved by clicking and dragging them"]